ABSTRACT
Fennel plant (Foeniculum vulgare, Mill.) is one of most widely used plants in food and medicine. Our study aimed to show the response of fennel plants from Egypt and China planted in Egypt to foliar application of benzyladenine (BA) at various concentrations; control, 50, 100 and 150 ppm. The obtained results indicated that treated fennel plants with BA resulted in a significant increase in the vegetative growth, number of umbels/plant, fruit, yield and oil yield per plant and feddan as well as main components, total phenolic contents and antioxidant activity of essential oils compared to untreated plants. In general, the application of benzyladenine was more effective on Egyptian fennel plants than that of Chinese plants. Egyptian fennel plants gave higher values of growth, fruit yield, oil percentage and oil yield than Chinese plants. However, the major components, TPC and antioxidant activity (DPPH %) had higher values in Chinese essential oil than Egyptian essential oil. The highest values of all studied parameters were obtained by using BA at 100 ppm. GC–MS analysis of the volatile oils showed that the major components were trans-anethole followed by fenshone, ?- pinene and D-limonene, respectively for both essential oils. 100 ppm of BA gave the highest values of trans-anethole content and radical scavenging activities of oils. Therefore, we concluded that spraying fennel plants with 100 ppm BA can be used for obtaining higher vegetative growth, fruit and quantity and quality of oil.
ABSTRACT
Background: It has been reported that acute myocardial infarction preceded by angina has favorable short term outcome. To validate this in our setting, this study was undertaken in National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases. Method: This is a prospective and observational study. 100 patients were evaluated for the short term outcomes of patients of AMI preceded by angina. Result : Observation showed that patients of AMI preceded by angina has less damage of the myocardium as evident by lower CK-MB values and better preservation of left ventricular function. It has also been shown that early complications like death, VT & VF, asystole, CHB, acute LVF, cardiogenic shock were significantly lower in patients of AMI preceded by angina than those without angina. Conclusion: It is observed that incidence of previous angina is an important independent predictor of outcome of the patients with myocardial infarction.